Mound Builders Essay Example for Free

Mound Builders Essay The Mound Builder civilization can be described in terms of Human-Environmental-Interaction (HEI). The Ancient Mound Builder civilization built many Earthen Mounds over a vast period of time in North America. The Mound Builders were hunters and gathers but later began to domesticate the following native plants: Sunflowers, goose foot, erect knot wood, and May grass (â€Å"The Woodland Period†). Due to the Mound builders location they had to face many environmental challenges, first the Appalachian Mountain affected the amount of contact they had with other civilizations and made trade hard because they would have to travel over the mountains. The Great Plains provided great land for the Mound builders to plant and cultivates the civilizations agricultural produce such as the following: Sunflowers, goose foot, erect knot wood, and May grass. The Mound builder civilization has many rivers that ran through its boundaries including the following Rivers: the St. Lawrence, Mississippi and Ohio rivers (Kavasch). The Rivers provided water that helped sustain the civilization, and its agricultural produce. The Mound Builders Civilization can be described in terms of movement. Trade existed between leaders of Mound Builder clans and other territories. They made pottery which they traded with other civilizations; they also collected and traded shellfish that was used in jewelry. The territories from the Southeast were provided with the following items: Mica, Quartz of Crystals, and Chlorite from the Carolinas. The Mound Builder clans from the Southeast were provided with the following items: Galena from Missouri, Flint from Illinois, Grizzly bear teeth, Obsidian, and Chalcedony from the Rocky Mountain, and Cooper which was found in the Great Lakes (â€Å"The Woodland Period†). The Mound Builders were Animistic, and there civilization had social classes, these practices were instilled in the Mound Builder culture from Movement and interactions with other civilizations (â€Å"The Woodland Period†).

Tom Sawyer :: essays research papers

Tom Sawyer Tom Sawyer is a boy who is full of adventures. In his world there is an adventure around every corner. Some of his adventures have lead him into some bad situations but with his good heart and bright mind he has gotten out of them. Tom lives with his aunt Polly, his cousin Mary and his bother Sid. One of the first things to happen in the book is a memorable one, the painting of the fence.   Tom's aunt Polly made Tom paint her fence on a Saturday as a punishment.   Tom just hated the idea of having to work on a Saturday while all of the neighborhood could make fun of and harass him.   After Tom tried to trade some of his possessions for a few hours of freedom he had a stroke of genius, instead of him paying people to work for him, he made people pay him to paint.   Tom managed this by telling people that it isn't every day that you get a chance to paint a fence and he thought it was fun.   He had people begging him to paint by the time that he was finished his story. He would have taken every boy in the town's wealth if he had not run out of paint. On June 17th about the hour of midnight, Tom and his best friend Huck were out in the grave yard trying to get rid of warts, when they witnessed a murder by Injun Joe. At the time Muff Potter was drunk and asleep so Injun Joe blamed the murder him (Muff Potter). They knew if crazy Injun Joe found out they knew, he would for sure kill them.   Tom wrote on a   wooden board "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer swear to keep mum about this and they wish they may drop down dead in their tracks if they ever tell and rot", then in their own blood they signed their initials TS and HF. A few days after that incident Tom, Huck and Joe decided to go and become pirates because no one cared for their company anymore.   They stole some food and supplies and then they stole a raft and paddled to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River.   They stayed and pirated for several days, then they all became so home sick that they could not bear it anymore.   The next day Tom, Huck, and Joe showed up for their own funerals and there was much thanks and praise. The next big event in the town was the trial of Muff Potter for the

Hospitality Information Technology Strategy

1. Hotel utilise e- commerce very effectively for procurement purpose. They purchase essential products necessary for the daily running of the hotel via online websites. I would like consider Costa coffee Heathrow in my case study as I am working there presently and it is very much suitable for this case study. The website which Costa uses to purchase its essential products for daily running of the business are: * www. geometric-furniture. co. uk * www. kn-portal. com * www. caterwide. com * www. incorporatewear. com * www. coffeecreation. co. uk * www. bunzlcatering. o. uk Geometric furniture – Geometric Furniture is a design led manufacturer of high quality contract furniture. Established over 40 years ago, Geometric has become one of the UK’s leading contract furniture suppliers. It supplies to number of company like Odeon cinema, Costa Coffee, Oxo Tower, The Warehouse, Ronald Mc Donald house. The best thing about this company is that they deliver they service by the mselves, inform their client beforehand about its features. Delivered the product on time without fail and do understand the important of deadline and reliability.Kuehne + Nagel – has got a new contract to manage the distribution of food supply on behalf of Whitbread plc, which is the UK’s largest hotel and restaurant group. Costa has taken the decision to fully outsource its food logistics activities to Kuehne + Nagel because they agreed to undertake delivery of chilled and ambient products to over 700 Costa Coffee outlets seven days per week, and delivery of frozen, chilled and ambient products. The contract is for 5 years and in addition with that Kuehne + Nagel will operate a customer call centre on behalf of Whitbread and manage the ordering of products from designated suppliers.Caterwide – As one of the UK's largest and fastest growing coffee shop brands, Costa Coffee has been using Torex Inn Touch POS and Caterwide for the past ten years to drive strategi c initiatives around cash management, suggested ordering, stock control, labour management and reporting and business processes. One of the key advantages of the Torex solution is that it integrates with Costa Coffee's loyalty programme, the Costa Coffee Club, whereby customers can collect points when they buy food and drink which can be redeemed against future purchases.Incorporatewear – Incorporatewear, the UK’s premier corporate clothing provider, has been percolating a piece of new business over the past 12 months and is now delighted to pour out the details of its recently signed contract to supply Costa Coffee. Incorporatewear only work with the highest quality materials and the Costa range is no different with shirts and aprons being manufactured from premium poly/cotton fabrics and provides the uniforms for 16,000 Baristas and staff. There are two companies of Whitbread plc which are under the umbrella of incorporatewear that Costa coffee and premier inn.The be nefits of it are, advanced call centre telephone system, dedicated client contact number, instant query resolution, experienced team. Bunzl catering supply – is the upcoming leading distributor of non- food consumable to hospitality and catering sector in the UK, it got 10 branches all over the UK provide a responsive and a flexible local service. at each branch they got dedicated customer service team which has good understanding of local business need and provide outstanding customer care from points of order through delivery.We can place order through telephone, fax, email and online as well which include an image catalogue, fast orders, regular buys, and saved basket. when the order has been placed the following information is readily available to them: full customer details including delivery address previous purchase history authorised product list real time stock availability pack sizes and product descriptions Coffee creation (prima coffee service ltd) – has be en supplying high quality coffee product from more than 12 years with a passion for quality and attention to details.It’s very easy to place an order with coffee creation; it takes you through each step, finding the item you would like to buy, add the item to your shopping basket, proceeding to checkout, sigh in, enter your details, check and submit your order, provide payment information, get email as the confirmation, tracking down the order. Sometimes they send product for sampling if requested and the customer of coffee creation are cafe Nero, Costa coffee, coffee republic. 2. Critically evaluate your organisation’s website. Discuss its strong and weak points. How user friendly is it?Is it functionality adequate? Put yourself In place of someone who is unfamiliar with the organization. Does it enhance the reputation and encourage further contact? Webpage are the most inexpensive and the most effective way to promote any business especially in coffee shops people ar e looking for new shops in their neighbourhood and while travelling often start their search on internet. More than half of the marketing job is done if completely describing your cafe on webpage. The website of Costa coffee is quite eye appealing and attractive to customers.It matches the same colours and fonts on their web site as they do in their cafe. By using just the 2,3 colours, consistent fonts and easy navigation it stimulates the cafe itself. Some basic thing which a webpage must have it are, location, opening hours, photo gallery, about the business, menu, and press release. Out of all this Costa coffee explains its business, update press release, latest picture of the product, location of all the stores with opening and closing hours, address 5. What is social media? Identify three different types of social media how they can be of benefit for hotel industry.Social Media is the use of internet-based programs to make interaction with friends, family, classmates, customers and clients. It can be done for social purposes, business purposes or both. The appropriate way to define social media is to split it into two parts, social and media. Media is a tool of communication, like a newspaper or a radio, so social media would be a social tool of communication. This social tool of communication doesn’t just give the information but interact with you while giving that information.Interaction may be like asking you for to comment in any particular thing, or letting you vote on any article or asking you to rate any movie etc. Social media is a new form of interacting people that allows anyone to become a source of information through new technologies that doesn’t need any previous experience. It also allows the audience to be the author and author to be the audience. Anyone can experience the interaction for free as long as they have internet connection. The popular site of social media includes Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Flickr and many others .These sites all allow users to post information that can then be commented on, followed or enjoyed by larger social groups and peers. Many Hotels are investing on its use to target market demographic groups or to break through to new potential customers. Now Days mostly all the hotel have Facebook pages and are adding facebookers as friends in an effort to attract new customers and build brand loyalty. There are restaurants that are tweeting out daily specials and/or coupons to give as a gift to their followers.Facebook- one of the most popular of social networking sites which allows users to sign up and add friends and social groups, post information, comment on that information, post photos and become fans of various items or company or group. Hotels create their facebook page to add their customer, to target new market, they post photos of the some special event occurred in hotel and tag their friends (customer), by tagging photo a friend of friends, who is known to the hotel ca n get to know about the hotel and his or her friend whereabouts.Through this hotel make new customer with the help of Facebook. Example – some Marriott hotels use their Facebook pages to communicate with guests about local and hotel events. (USA Today) Twitter: This is a free social networking and micro blogging service that enables its users to send and read messages known as tweets. Tweets are text-based posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the author's profile page and delivered to the author's subscribers who are known as followers. Senders can restrict delivery to those in their circle of friends or, by default, allow open access. Elmore 2010) Twitter also allows hotel employees to start conversations with guests; even a tweet as simple as â€Å"Hope you're enjoying your stay! † which give a personalized touch that some guests really appreciate that. Hyatt and Hilton hotels are using Twitter as a virtual concierge service to which guests can â€Å"tweetâ₠¬  queries and expect responses within the hour. (USA Today) Youtube : A very popular and free video-sharing  Web site  that allows registered users to upload and share their video clips online at the YouTube. om Web site. To view the videos you are not required to register but to upload the video you need to register with your email accounts. It allows billions of people to browse, watch and share originally-created videos. It creates a group of people to connect, inform, and inspire others across the globe and acts as a distribution platform. The Marriot Resort & Stellaris Casino in Puerto Rico uses YouTube to let guests record a 30-second video postcard to send to friends and family through the resort’s YouTube channel.A hotel can use the youtube to promote their own website by sharing and uploading videos of own hotel. 6. What is cloud Computing and explain how it can be used for the hospitality industry? The service provided on internet with the use of computing res ources (hardware and software) are called as cloud computing. All data that is being accessed are usually saved in servers, which are in accessible by any unauthorized user. This allows enterprise to maintain faster service and less maintenance from IT.Technology has advanced rapidly in the last couple of years that now it is possible for almost any device to quickly connect with a cloud service and access the information required. The â€Å"cloud computing† concept minimizes the upfront cost of infrastructure and allows the enterprise focus on project, which will differentiate the business itself rather than the infrastructure which will be avoided. Many author have made the attempt to describe it, Buyya et al. efined it as a â€Å"cloud is a parallel and distributed computing system consisting of a collection of inter-connected and virtualised computer that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on a service level agreeme nts established through negotiation between the service provider and consumer. † The key characteristic of cloud computing are: (1) illusion of non ending computing resources, (2) with the use cloud computers up- front commitment is eliminated, (3) ability to pay for use as needed, (4) self service interface and (5) resources that are virtualised.The concept of Cloud computing had benefited the hospitality industry in many ways, such as: A hotel can eliminate the large upfront costs from acquiring computational assets and the typical time delay in building out and developing computer software app. By eliminating upfront cost hotel can save its precious capital to take future business decisions. It allows user to access system through web browser from anywhere at any time, user can access through any device, like pc, laptops, mobile etc. with the use of internet.It improve the business performance and the service delivery, the maintenance cost of cloud computing is very low. So me other benefits which a hotel can get from cloud computing includes low upfront costs, minimal IT infrastructures and easy access across multiple properties. Cloud has a pay-as-you-go service requires minimal investment and offers better technology at a lower cost. 1. Social media 2. 0 Successful social media programs that have value meld top technology and sales best practices By Gina LaVecchia Ragone 2. Social Media & the Hospitality Industry by Forest Time, Demand Media . M. Miller, Cloud Computing: Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online, Que, 2008. 4. R. Buyya, C. S. Yeo, and S Venugopal, Market-oriented cloud computing: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering IT services as computing utilities, in Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC 2008, IEEE CS Press, Los Alamitos, CA, USA), Dalian, China, September 2527, 2008. 5. Khan, K. M. , & Malluhi, Q. (2010). Establishing tru st in cloud computing. IT Professional Magazine, 12(5), 20-27.

A Review On Abnormal Amygdala - 1155 Words

Review: Abnormal Amygdala Activation Profile in Pedophilia Typically the amygdala is involved in the normal function of interpreting and displaying emotions, memory and fear-conditioning. The amygdala has been found to impact encoding and storage of memories in the hippocampus that are formed during emotional situations. Through such, the hippocampus forms episodic memories based on the amygdala’s interpretation of a particular event and any surrounding emotional stimuli. The ability to properly form memories, experience fear in appropriate situations, and understand and express emotions is critical for an individual to function in society and uphold tenets of the social contract which prevent most people from committing crime.†¦show more content†¦While we no longer lock people up just for the â€Å"crime† of mental health issues, there are still some conditions, like pedophilia, for which there is little compassion, understanding, and a willingness to find viable treatment options. The biggest problem with that a ttitude toward pedophilia is that children are still being victimized. My interest in the amygdala study is personal in that I have close relationships with people who have been victims of pedophilia, as well as academic. It is interesting that the scientific community has been so reluctant to study pedophilia with an open mind in an effort to prevent child sexual abuse since it is an issue that continues to plague our society. The way the system in the U.S. is structured exacerbates the problem; the mandatory reporting laws are strong deterrents to pedophiles who might otherwise seek professional help to prevent themselves from offending. If continued research produces promising results in the quest for viable treatment options, the system could perhaps eventually be restructured to encourage pedophiles to seek treatment before offending. Because the amygdala is critical to emotional processing, researchers suspected it would play a role in sexual behavior. To test their theory, Sartorius et al. studied ten male pedophiles, all convicted sex offenders, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Researchers predicted that they would find significant differences in amygdala

How to Create a Homeschooling Lifestyle

Academics are a vital  aspect of homeschooling. However, we homeschooling parents need to avoid the trap of becoming  overly focused on them and on trying to recreate a traditional classroom setting. Doing so can cause us to  lose sight of what a gift it is to have the  freedom  to homeschool our children. Home educating doesn’t mean that we bring school home. Instead, it means that we incorporate learning into our everyday lives until it becomes an extension of our family life. Try these simple tips to put the home  in your schooling. 1. Snuggle up together to read – even if you’re all reading different books. It doesn’t matter if you’re reading books for school or books for fun, if you’re reading aloud or everyone has their own book – snuggle up to read together! A bed or couch is a perfect, year-round snuggle spot. A blanket in the back yard makes a stress-relieving warm weather book nook. Move the blanket near the fireplace or heater for a cozy cold weather spot. 2. Bake together. Baking together provides opportunities for younger kids to practice real-life math applications (such as adding and subtracting fractions), following directions, and basic kitchen chemistry. It allows older students to learn home-making skills in a real-world context. Baking together creates  discussion time for kids of all ages. It also helps your entire family to bond and create memories together. 3. Learn alongside each other. You don’t have to fumble your way through algebra or chemistry. Take the course with your students and learn together. This shows your kids shows them that learning never stops. 4. Discover family hobbies. Discovering activities that you all enjoy doing together builds family relationships .It also  provides additional  learning opportunities. For older kids, family hobbies may even translate to elective credits for high school. 5. Take family field trips. It’s fun to go on field trips with your homeschool group, but don’t forget about family-only field trips. The kids often learn more because they’re not distracted by friends. Family field trips also provide the non-teaching parent a chance to get involved with what the kids are learning. 6. Involve the non- teaching parent in real, practical ways. Let Dad (or Mom) do something besides ask, â€Å"What did you learn in school today?† Let the parent who isnt the primary teacher do science experiments or art class on the weekends or in the evenings. Let him read aloud to the kids in the evenings. Ask him to teach them to change the oil in the car, cook a favorite meal, or set up an Excel spreadsheet. Be aware of practical opportunities for homeschool dads (or moms) to be involved based on their talents and your family’s needs. 7. Allow character training to take place over academics. There comes a time in every homeschooling family’s life when character training needs your focus. It’s a time when you need to put the books aside and give your attention to the issue at hand. The books will still be there tomorrow or next week or next month. 8. Involve your children in your everyday life. Don’t overlook the educational value of everyday activities such as grocery shopping, running errands, or voting. Take your children with you. Don’t feel that school has to be a completely separate part of your day. 9. Don’t consider life events a disruption to school. At some point, most families will face life events such as a death, a birth, moving, or an illness. These are not disruptions to learning. They are opportunities to learn and grow together as a family. 10. Be involved in your community. Look for ways to get involved in your community as a family. Serve in the local soup kitchen. Volunteer at the library. Work in local politics.   Homeschooling families need to understand that learning happens all the time. We need to embrace these moments,  instead of seeing them as a disruption to school.   Dont miss the opportunities that are all around you to put the home in your schooling.

The Threat Of Liberty Equality Based Societies By Alexis...

Threat to Liberty in Equality Based Societies While traveling across the United States, Alexis de Tocqueville recorded how democracy operates and the roles of its participants in, â€Å"Democracy in America.† Tocqueville demonstrates his admiration of the American democratic system and Americans’ dedication to freedom, equality, and supporting one another. Despite these praises, there is also a looming danger against liberty in not only America, but in all societies based on equality. The most imminent threat to liberty in these societies is despotism as it prevents individuals from exercising their natural freedoms and rights. Tocqueville proposes resolutions to this threat, such as, government decentralization and civil associations. Despotism flourishes in equal societies due to individuals isolating themselves and forming a centralized governing institution. As stated by Tocqueville, â€Å"Equality places men beside one another without a common bond to hold them. E quality disposes them not to think of those like themselves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (485). With aristocracies, a society not concerned with equality, there is a ligature between individuals within each socioeconomic class. For instance, the noblemen associate with noblemen, while the poor associate with the poor. However, with societies based on equality, mankind is no longer divided by their means. The wealthy are equal to the poor in rights and freedoms, but not in monetary wealth. Lacking this unification amongst each other’sShow MoreRelatedThe Issue of Overcoming Racial Inequality in the United States2632 Words   |  11 PagesThe label of inferiority poses immense challenges on the structure of a society. Branding a group of people as â€Å"savages† creates divisions in society that drastically affects how individuals are supposed to interact with these â€Å"inferiors.† It makes you think of someone who is uneducated or unsocialized, one who is not granted full rig hts and privileges. Other words that might have the same the sort of connotation for many in the United States today are â€Å"alien,† â€Å"immigrant worker,† or â€Å"illegal immigrantRead More From Individualism to Unionism: The Changing Meaning of Freedom in America3158 Words   |  13 Pagesvision—one with a relatively balanced division of wealth, a population of homogenous skilled workers, and a narrow definition of equality based on a broad definition of freedom—to the highly industrialized urban nation glorified by the World’s Fair itself—one of polarized wealth, vast and increasing numbers of unassimilated, unskilled workers, and a demand for a return to the old equality at the expense of the old concept of freedom. Turner’s thesis was threaded with observations of these changes, and madeRead MoreThe Causes and Outcomes of the French Revolution1975 Words   |  8 Pagesat the same time to prevent defeat in war by the combi ned forces of Austria, Prussia, and Britain. The so-called reign of Terror was instituted to quash both internal and foreign forces of counter revolution. But once these internal and foreign threats were under control in the spring of 1794, Terror continued at the direction of the Committee of Public Safety, the most famous member of which was Maximiliean Robespierre. This last period of Terror was aimed at eliminating political rivals of RobespierreRead More Promoting and Protecting Minority Rights Essay2310 Words   |  10 Pagesmajority rule. Since, of any possible outcome, the worst would be a situation in which a minority group is denied rights, not due to simple social complication, but instead due to a general lack of government protection. While a democracy is based on majority rule, minority rights must not be disregarded. One of the principles of democracy includes a minority receiving equal opportunity to become a majority, and thereby providing competition for the majority of the time. Competition has potential

Insolvency Trading Relevant Law

Question: Discuss about theInsolvency Tradingfor Relevant Law. Answer: Issue Jacob and Marie are accused of engaging in insolvency trade; which is against the 2001 Corporations Act. While analyzing this case, s588G and s588H will be relied on. This is because they identify the circumstances when a liquidator can bring a case against the directors of the company, accusing them of insolvency trading, and the possible defenses that the directors of the company can use to defend themselves. Therefore, in this case, Jacob and Marie have some grounds they can defend themselves, based on s588H of the Corporations Act. Relevant Law Section 588G of the 2001 Corporations Act provides identifies the obligations of the directors of a company towards avoiding insolvent trading[1]. Company directors may seek to trade within their companies despite being insolvent, with the belief that after a period of time, they will manage to transform the financial position of the company. The law requires financial directors to be fair in their financial dealings, and they must not incur debts when they are in the insolvency status. Through this position, the intention of the drafters of the corporation act was to protect creditors from unfair borrowing tactic that are used by the directors of the company. Furthermore, the directors of a company must act in good faith and not use their position for personal gain. For purposes of defending themselves, the directors of the company will rely on s588H. The law comprises of circumstances when the directors of the company can claim protection from the courts, against the application of s588G. s95A od the 2001 Act will provide information on the concept of solvency and insolvency. Application The directors of a company will breach s 588G of the company if the company incurs a debt at a time when the company was insolvent[2]. Furthermore, they will breach this section, if they are aware that the company is unable to pay their debts, but they are unable to prevent the company from acquiring debts. Additionally, an individual will be engaging in insolvency trading if they suspect that the company is insolvent or will become insolvent at the time of acquiring the debt. If the liquidator manages to proof these assertions, then he can successfully bring a case against Jacob and Marie. To understand the possible defenses that Jacob and Marie will have, there is a need of understanding this notion of solvency, in accordance to section 95 of the 2001 Corporations Act, and the criteria used in determining whether a company is solvent or not, in accordance to the various common law principles applied in Australia[3]. Section 95A (1) of the 2001 Corporations Act provides a definition of solvency. According to this act, a company is solvent when it has the ability to pay all its debts in a timely manner and when they are due. On the other hand, s 95A (2) denotes that when a company is not solvent, then it is classified as insolvent[4]. A company that is classified as insolvent does not have the capability of paying the debts that it owes to its creditors. Furthermore, in analyzing the capability of a business organization to pay its debts, the court will look at the position of the company on the day that the debt was incurred, and not at the time of paying the debt. Additionally, there are a number of conditions that an organization must meet for it to be declared insolvent. These conditions are established in the 2009 case of Sutherland v Hanson Construction Ltd[5]. Under this case law, it is the cash flow of the business organization that will determine the solvency status of an organization. However, it is important to note that the analysis of the balance sheet is not the only factor that can determine the insolvency of a business organization, in as much as it is an important factor to consider. This is a principle established in Sutherland v Eurolinx 2001 where the court made a ruling that reliance on the cash flow statement of a company cannot be used a single factor to determine the solvency of a business organization[6]. This is because companies that are solvent normally experience cash flow problems from time to time. Therefore, Jacob and Marie cannot successfully bring a defense on the solvency of their company based on the strengths of the organizations balance sheet. For instance, Jacob and Marie cannot claim that their company was solvent based on the fixed and non-fixed assets that were under their possession. However, the two can successfully carry out a defense if they can prove the conditions that are established in section 588H of the Corporations Act[7]. For instance, one of the possible defenses that Jacob and Marie can argue for is that they did not expect that the company would be insolvent at the time of incurring the debts. For instance, Jacob and Marie denote that Tania advised them that the company was solvent, and it had the capability of meeting its obligations and debts at the time the company was incurring the debts. The reason for this assertion is that the creditors of the company have been in agreement with the organization not to take any recovery process, only after they have issued a 30 day notice. Therefore, basing on the advice of their employee, Jacob and Marie were not suspicious of the insolvency status of their company. Additionally, s588H of the corporations act denotes that the directors of a company cannot be held liable for insolvent trading if they relied on the information from their subordinates, whom they believe that they are competent, reliable and responsible[8]. In the case of Jacob and Marie, Talia is their financial officer, and they employed her because of her competence, reliability and responsibility. Therefore, by relying on the information provided by Talia, the directors of the company can successfully bring a defense based on s588H of the 2001 Corporations Act. Conclusion Finally, while bringing a case against Jacob and Marie, the liquidator may denote that they engaged in insolvency trading, therefore breaching s588G of the 2001 Corporations Act. Some of the elements for a successful case against Jacob and Marie may include, if an individual is a director of the company, at the time the company was incurring debts and the company is insolvent. The liquidator must prove that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the company knew of the position of the company, but they failed to prevent the transaction. However, Jacob and Marie can argue that they were not suspicious of the insolvency status of the company, and they relied on the information from their subordinates while making a decision to engage in the trade. Bibliography Books, Journals and Articles Symon, Helen, Corporations Act 2001 (Leo Cussen Institute, 2006) Symes, Christopher Francis, The Justification And History Of Statutory Priorities In Australian Corporate Insolvency Law (2005) Case Laws and Statutes Corporations Act 2001 s95A Corporations Act 2001 s588G Corporations Act 2001 s588H Sutherland v Eurolinx (2001) 230 NSWSC (2001) Sutherland v Hanson Construction Materials Pty Ltd (2009) 232 NSWSC (2009) The New Corporations Act 2001 And Related Legislation (Butterworths, 2001)